UMTS Technology

Thursday, November 27, 2014

Difference Between HSDPA and HSUPA

HSPA (High Speed Packet Access), commonly referred to as 3.5G, is an upgrade to WCDMA networks that allows for much higher data speeds for internet connectivity. There are two aspects to this technology and each is more or less independent of the other. HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) is the one that improves the downlink of the data transmission while HSUPA (High Speed Uplink Packet Access) is the one that improves the uplink or transmission from the mobile device to the network.

Common practices that would be affected by having HSDPA include watching online videos, browsing sites, downloading files, and a lot more. If you usually send emails with large attachments, upload files to sites, or seed files in a file sharing network, then HSUPA would improve the speed at which you do your tasks.

It is common practice for most mobile networks to deploy HSDPA first before doing HSUPA. Based on the usage patterns of majority of the population, internet bandwidth usage is asymmetrical. This means that we often download more compared to uploading. Telecoms know this and that is why they want to improve downlink as soon as it’s possible. There are areas in the world where only HSDPA is deployed while HSUPA is still pretty much absent. Mainly because telecoms want to allocate as much bandwidth to downlink as they can while spending as little as they could. Even when fully deployed HSDPA would still have much higher speeds compared to HSUPA. This is in keeping with the asymmetric use of the bandwidth. Allocating equal bandwidth to each would result in a huge waste for the bandwidth allocated to the uplink.

Although most telecoms do not deploy HSDPA and HSUPA at the same time, it should not be an issue for users in buying mobile phones. Most of the recent mobile phones that support the HSPA technology already have both HSDPA and HSUPA. Getting one or the other would just then depend on when your network decides to deploy either technology in your area.

Summary:

1. HSDPA is the side of the technology that brings information down to the user while HSUPA is the side of the technology that brings information up from the user

2. HSDPA affects downloading and browsing while HSUPA affects uploading files and sending emails

3. HSDPA is often deployed way ahead of HSUPA

4. HSDPA has much faster speeds compared to HSUPA

Difference Between UMTS and WCDMA Network Technologies

The third generation of technologies for mobile networks has added a lot of new features aside from the typical calling and messaging capabilities of older 2G networks. With them come a number of new terminologies that can seem confusing. Two of these technologies are UMTS and WCDMA. The main difference between UMTS and WCDMA is that the former is a cellular technology while the latter is one of the air interfaces that it used in order to communicate with the actual device.

UMTS stands for Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, and it succeeds the older GSM networks. It significantly increases data speeds up to 45Mbps with HSPA+ activated, but most deployments offer maximum speeds of 7Mbps. Aside from WCDMA, which is the most popular air interface in use in mobile networks, there are also other air interfaces that include UTRA-TDD HCR and TD-SCDMA. These three air interfaces behave in different manners while achieving the same exact goal; facilitating the flow of data from a mobile device to the base station over the air.

The specifics are handled by WCDMA or the Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, which is based on CDMA, a competing standard to GSM. It utilizes two 5MHz channels, one for the downlink (from base station to mobile device) and another for the uplink (from the mobile device to the base station). The 5MHz channel is a fourfold increase when compared to the 1.25MHz channel used by the older CDMA standard. The increased bandwidth is aided by a variety of multiplexing techniques in order to increase the number of users who can be accommodated on the channel while increasing the total bandwidth that can be utilized for the data.

The prominent use of WCDMA has made it synonymous to UMTS. When using either term, most people are actually referring to the very same thing. The use of one or the other is widely accepted, and there should be no worries that you may be using the incorrect term.

Summary:

1.UMTS is a cellular technology while WCDMA is one of its air interfaces.
2.UMTS and WCDMA are often used interchangeably

Difference Between CDMA and GSM

When we buy a mobile phone, we usually don’t concern ourselves with the standards or technologies that our mobile phone uses. This is more so when we buy mobile phones that have the standard contract from the phone company, since it is 100% assured that it would function with that network. But in case you did not know, there are 2 very prominent technologies around the world. The first is GSM (Global System Mobile) and CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access).

The problem with these two technologies is that they are not really compatible and mobile phones that were made for one network would not necessarily work on the other. It shouldn’t really be a problem for you unless you travel outside your usual area or possibly outside the country. But in case you do travel around a lot, it might be better if you have a GSM mobile phone in tow since GSM holds a much bigger share of the mobile phone industry. And you should also consider this when buying a mobile phone from abroad. I know a couple of people who bought CDMA mobile phones when the whole country they were in was on GSM.

Technology wise, CDMA was supposed to be more advanced compared to GSM, but the hold of GSM over the market has already been cemented in the years that it was ahead making it impossible for CDMA to totally replace GSM. With regards to the third generation of mobile phones, it became apparent that GSM would not be able to compete with CDMA in terms of speed. Therefore it became apparent that GSM would have to move to CDMA. But the people who run GSM networks made a move that still made the two networks incompatible, by deploying WCDMA (Wideband CDMA) or UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service) as it is known in Europe. This standard is still incompatible with EV-DO which was the next step for the CDMA crowd.

The battle between this two has long abandoned the technology aspect which was how it started, but now it is all about market share. Although in the technology side GSM seems to be gaining the upper hand with 3.6Mbps for UMTS and 7.2 for the later HSDPA, compared to the 2.4Mbps of EV-DO and 5.2Mbps of EV-DV which are the current competing technologies. Although it seems that CDMA isn’t going to be able to compete with GSM superiority in the mobile phone market, it is still unclear whether CDMA is actually going away

Difference Between GSM and UMTS

GSM is an abbreviation of Global System for Mobile communication, originally it is known as Group Special Mobile. It is mobile telephony system that sets the standards on how mobile telecommunications work. It encompasses everything in reference to mobile communications.

However, in this context of comparing GSM and UMTS, we will refer to GSM as a service or technology. GSM is a second generation (2G) telecommunications technology which is launched early in the 90s. Eventually, it increased its speed and added more functionality like General Packet Radio System (GPRS) to the system which enhanced it to 2.5G status. 2.5G has data rates up to about 144kbit/s. It typically uses a variation of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA).

Today, in a global scale, GSM is still widely used mobile service. There are about 700 mobile networks that provide GSM services across more than 200 countries. Statistically, more than 80 percent of all global mobile connections are GSM. With GSM, subscribers can still continue using their mobile phones when traveling to other countries because GSM network operators have expansive roaming agreements with foreign operators.

UMTS is the third generation (3G) of mobile telecommunications technology. It is the latest commercially available technology that mobile phones, PDAs, and smart phones are using today. With this development, internet access (email and web browsing), video calling and messaging, and text messaging (SMS) are now possible along with traditional phone tasks.

People can now do the activities they normally do with an internet-connected home computer while on the trot. Imagine yourself traveling the world and still able to email, video conference, and watch streaming videos using your smartphone. Currently, it can offer transfer speeds of about 3.6 Mbits per second and even more, which can make data transfer seamless and downloads relatively fast.

Unlike GSM, UMTS is mainly based on CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) scheme and now combines it with TDMA. However, UMTS is still new as there are only a few areas and networks that support the technology. Even with countries that support it may have set different spectrum, thus interoperability does not work fully when moving from one nation to another nation with drastically different spectrum.

There are also problems regarding the compatibility between UMTS and GSM, which frequently led to connections being dropped. But this is being remedied by UMTS/GSM dual-mode devices. With that feature, UMTS phones that go out of UMTS network boundaries will be transferred to GSM coverage. Transfer of network can happen mid-call.

Summary:

1. UMTS has faster data transfer rates than GSM.
2. GSM is 2G and 2.5G while UMTS is already 3G.
3. GSM is a rather old technology while UMTS is newer.
4. GSM is typically based on TDMA while UMTS is mainly CDMA-based.
5. Currently, GSM is still the most widely used technology today while UMTS is still in its infancy, slowly creeping forward

Difference Between UMTS and HSDPA

The Universal Mobil Telecommunications System (also known as UMTS) is a third generation (or 3G) telecommunications technology for mobile electronics. The most common form of UMTS makes use of W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, which is an air interface standard that is a compulsory feature of any mobile telecommunications device of the 3G network). However, the system makes use of TD-CDMA (Time Division CDMA) and TD-SCDMA (Time Division Synchronous CDMA). UMTS is a complete network system. As such, it also covers the radio access network, the core network, and the authentication of users using the USIM cards (or Subscriber Identity Module).

High Speed Downlink Packet Access (also known as HSDPA) is also part of the 3G network; however, it is of an enhanced nature. It is a protocol that is used in mobile telephony communications in the High Speed Packet Access family – a combination of the HSDPA and HSUPA (High Speed Uplink Packet Access) that extends and improves the performance of those WCDMA protocols that are currently in existence. As such, those networks that are part of the UMTS are capable of reaching higher data transfer speeds and capacities.

UMTS requires the use of new base stations, as well as new frequency allocations. Despite these restrictions, however, UMTS is closely related to GSM (that is Global System for Mobile Communications, the most popular standard for mobile communication technology), and builds upon the concepts of GSM – most UTMS handsets support GSM in order to allow dual mode operation without any issues.

For HSDPA to function properly, a new transport layer channel had to be created (High Speed Downlink Shard Channel, or HS-DSCH) and added to the W-CDMA specification. By introducing three new physical layer channels (HS-SCCH, HS-DPCCH, and HS-PDSCH), the HSDPA network is capable of informing the user that the desired data will be sent, acknowledging information and current channel quality, and calculating how much data to send to any device the user uses in the next transmission, respectively.

UMTS has a theoretical maximum data transfer of 21 Mbits/s (in the HSDPA form). However, for those currently using UMTS handsets, an expected transfer rate of 384 kbit/s and 7.2 Mbit/s is a more accurate expectation for R99 handsets and HSDPA handsets, respectively. Most HSDPA technology shows a theoretical transfer rate of 1.8, 3.6, 7.2, and 14.0 Mbit/s. However, there are further speed increases with the availability of the HSPA+ (providing speeds of up to 42 Mbit/s on the downlink, and 84 Mbit/s with the Release 9).

Summary:

1. UMTS is a 3G telecommunications technology that makes use of the W-CDMA, as well as other permutations therein; HSDPA is part of the 3G network, but is part of the High Speed Packet Access family, therefore capable of elevated performance.

2. UMTS requires new base station and frequency allocations to thrive; a new transport layer channel had to be created and combined with W-CDMA specifications in order for UMTS to function.

3. UMTS has a theoretical transfer speed of 21 Mbit/s; HSDPA has a theoretical transfer rate of up to 14.0 Mbit/s

Wednesday, November 26, 2014

List of CDMA2000 networks

Active networks

Africa

Operator	Country	Technology	Frequency (MHz)	Launch date	Notes
Mobilis	Algeria	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO	1900 MHz	?
Movicel	Angola	CDMA2000 1xRTT	?	?	^[1]^[2]^[3] Operator might move from CDMA to GSM.
Tatem Telecom	Democratic Republic of Congo	CDMA	450 MHz	?	^[4]
Ethiotelecom	Ethiopia	CDMA2000 1xRTT	450/800 MHz	?	^[5]
Gamtel	Gambia	CDMA2000 1xRTT	450/800 MHz	2005	Equipment from Huawei. EV-DO planned.
Expresso Telecom	Ghana	CDMA2000 1xRTT	800 MHz	October 2005	^[6] Merged with Kasapa Telecom.
Flashcom	Kenya	CDMA2000 1xRTT	?	?	Available in Nairobi.
Orange	Kenya	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	850 MHz	?	In association with Telkom Kenya.
Popote	Kenya	CDMA2000 1xRTT	?	?	Owned by E.M. Communications Ltd.
Telma	Madagascar	CDMA2000 1xRTT	450 MHz	2005	The network is called Telma fixe. FWB^{[D 1]} FWT^{[E 1]}
Access Communications	Malawi	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO	800 MHz	January 2010
TNM	Malawi	CDMA2000 1xRTT	800 MHz	?
Inwi	Morocco	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800	January 2007	^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11] Provider formerly named Maroc Connect and Wana.
Bourdex	Nigeria	CDMA2000 1xRTT	?	2007	^[12]
Multilinks	Nigeria	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800	2006	^[13]^[14]
NITEL	Nigeria	CDMA2000 1xRTT	?	2006	^[15]
Odu'a Telecom	Nigeria	CDMA	?	?
Starcomms	Nigeria	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A/B	1900	2003	^[16]^[17]^[18]
Visafone	Nigeria	CDMA2000 1xRTT	?	?
Zoom	Nigeria	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	?	?
Sierratel	Sierra Leone	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO	?	April 2009	^[19]
Neotel	South Africa	CDMA2000 1xRTT	800 MHz	2008	^[20]
Sasatel	Tanzania	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO	800 MHz	June 2009	^[21]
TTCL	Tanzania	CDMA2000 1xRTT	450 MHz	April 2006	^[22]
Zantel	Tanzania	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. 0	800 MHz	2006	^[22]
I-Tel	Uganda	CDMA	?	December 2008 ?	^[23]

Americas

Operator	Country	Technology	Frequency (MHz)	Launch date	Notes
CoTeCal	Argentina	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO	450 MHz	?	^[24]^[25] FWB^{[D 1]}
Digicel	Aruba	cdmaOne	1900 MHz	?
MIO	Aruba	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO	?	?
SetarNV	Aruba	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO	1900 MHz	?	^[26]
CellularOne	Bermuda	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	?	?	^[27]
Bell	Canada	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800/1900 MHz	February 2002	^[28] EV-DO shutting down in July 2015. CDMA network to shut down by 1 January 2017.
MTS	Canada	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	1900 MHz	November 2002
SaskTel	Canada	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800 MHz	April 2003	^[29]^[30] EV-DO shutting down on September 30, 2014. Plans to shut down CDMA network in 2015 or 2016.
Telus	Canada	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800 MHz	June 2002	^[31]^[32] Shut down of EV-DO in most of British Columbia and Alberta in May 2014. Plans to shut down CDMA network in 2015.
Claro	Dominican Republic	CDMA2000 1xRTT	1900 MHz	December 2003	^[33] Operator formerly named Codetel.
Tricom	Dominican Republic	CDMA2000 1xRTT	800 MHz	?
Viva	Dominican Republic	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. 0	1900 MHz	March 2003
Claro	Guatemala	CDMA2000 1xRTT	?	?	^[34] Operator formerly named Sercom.
Movistar	Guatemala	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO	?	?	^[35] Operator formerly belonged to BellSouth.
Digicel	Jamaica	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. 0	1900 MHz	December 2006
Iusacell	Mexico	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800/1900 MHz	January 2003	^[36]^[37] Merged with Unefon.
Telmex	Mexico	CDMA	450 MHz	?	^[38] FWB^{[D 1]}
Claro	Puerto Rico	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO	?	?	^[39] Operator formerly part of Verizon Wireless.
Open Mobile	Puerto Rico	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	1900 MHz	?	^[40] Operator formerly part of Movistar.
Sprint	Puerto Rico	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	1900 MHz	August 2002	^[41]
Telesur	Suriname	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO	450 MHz	February 2009
Alaska Communications	United States	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800/1900 MHz	?	^[42]
Alltel	United States	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO	1900 MHz	?	^[43] Acquired by AT&T. Operations until 15 June 2015.
Cellcom	United States	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800/1900 MHz	November 2004
C Spire Wireless	United States	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800/1900 MHz	September 2002
Element Mobile	United States	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	850 MHz	?
Leap Wireless (Cricket)	United States	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	1900/2100 MHz	December 2001	^[44] CDMA to shut down by March 2015.
MetroPCS	United States	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	1900 MHz	February 2002	^[45]^[46] Network to be phased out.
Nex Tech Wireless	United States	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	1900 MHz	?	^[47]
nTelos	United States	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	1900 MHz	2002	^[48]
Sprint	United States	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	1900 MHz	August 2002
U.S. Cellular	United States	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800/1900 MHz	October 2002
Verizon	United States	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800/1900 MHz	January 2002	^[49] CDMA to shut down by 2021.
Claro	U.S. Virgin Islands	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO	?	?
Open Mobile	U.S. Virgin Islands	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	1900 MHz	?
Sprint	U.S. Virgin Islands	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	1900 MHz	August 2002
Movilnet	Venezuela	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800 MHz	November 2002

Most providers in Canada are also using 1x including Bell, MTS, SaskTel, TBayTel, and Telus. All the major carriers with CDMA networks have already overlaid HSPA coverage in almost all areas covered by their CDMA networks.
The exception is Bell and Telus, which have much smaller HSPA coverage areas in Manitoba and northern Manitoba, compared to their CDMA coverage areas (CDMA coverage provided by MTS and TBayTel).
All of the major national and regional carriers with CDMA networks have stopped selling CDMA phones.

Of the major Canadian carriers with CDMA networks, only MTS have not had their CDMA network shut down plans published. MTS is a regional carrier, covering only Manitoba.

Asia

Operator	Country	Technology	Frequency (MHz)	Launch date	Notes
Aztrank	Azerbaijan	CDMA2000 1xRTT	800 MHz	March 2003
CATEL	Azerbaijan	CDMA2000 1xRTT	450 MHz	March 2003	^[50]
Citycell	Bangladesh	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800 MHz	February 2006
RanksTel	Bangladesh	CDMA2000 1xRTT	800 MHz	September 2005	FWT^{[E 1]}
China Telecom	China	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800/1900/2100 MHz	2008	^[51]^[52] Took over the network from China Unicom during the 2008 telecom industry reform.
Geocell	Georgia	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	2100 MHz	?
Iberiatel	Georgia	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rel. 0	450 MHz	2003
MagtiCom	Georgia	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rel. 0	450 MHz	April 2008	^[53]
Silknet	Georgia	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800 MHz	2008	^[54]
PCCW	Hong Kong	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO	800 MHz	November 2008	^[55]^[56] Acquired by CSL.
BSNL	India	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO	800 MHz	March 2005
MTNL	India	CDMA2000 1xRTT	800 MHz	May 2005	^[57]
MTS India	India	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. B	800 MHz	September 2003
Ping Mobile	India	CDMA2000 1xRTT	800 MHz	2005
Reliance Communications	India	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800 MHz	May 2003
TATA DOCOMO	India	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. B	800 MHz	November 2002
Bakrie Telecom	Indonesia	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800 MHz	September 2003	FWB^{[D 1]} FWT^{[E 1]}
Indosat	Indonesia	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rel. 0	800 MHz	May 2004	^[58] Operator is considering shutting down.
Sampoerna	Indonesia	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	450 MHz	April 2004
Smartfren	Indonesia	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. B	800/1900 MHz	December 2003
Telkom	Indonesia	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rel. 0	800 MHz	December 2002	^[58]^[59]^[60] Operator is considering shutting down and does not accept new customers for CDMA.
au	Japan	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800/2100 MHz	April 2002	^[61]
Altel	Kazakhstan	CDMA2000 1xRTT	450/800 MHz	December 2003	^[62]^[63]
Fonex	Kyrgyzstan	CDMA2000 1xRTT	800 MHz	November 2003
NExi	Kyrgyzstan	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rel. 0	800 MHz	November 2007
Sapatcom	Kyrgyzstan	CDMA2000 1xRTT	450 MHz	2004
China Telecom	Macau	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800 MHz	October 2005	^[64]^[65] Formerly operated by China Unicom.
G-Mobile	Mongolia	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	450 MHz	April 2007
Skytel	Mongolia	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	?	?	^[66]^[67]
MPT	Myanmar	CDMA2000 1xRTT	?	?	^[68]
Nepal Telecom	Nepal	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800 MHz	February 2006	^[69]
United Telecom Limited	Nepal	cdmaOne	800/1900 MHz	September 2003
Go CDMA	Pakistan	CDMA2000 1xRTT	450/1900 MHz	March 2003
PTCL (Vfone)	Pakistan	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. B	450/1900 MHz	May 2004	^[70]^[71] FWB^{[D 1]} FWT^{[E 1]}
WorldCall	Pakistan	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	450/1900 MHz	June 2006	^[72]
LG U+	South Korea	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. B	1800 MHz	October 2000
SK Telecom	South Korea	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rel. 0	800 MHz	October 2000	^[73]
Dialog Broadband Networks	Sri Lanka	CDMA2000 1xRTT	450/800 MHz	July 2007	FWB^{[D 1]}
Lanka Bell	Sri Lanka	CDMA2000 1xRTT	800 MHz	May 2005
Sri Lanka Telecom	Sri Lanka	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rel. 0	800 MHz	October 2005
Tritel	Sri Lanka	CDMA2000 1xRTT	450 MHz	October 2007
APT	Taiwan	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. B	800 MHz	July 2003	^[74]
Uzbektelecom	Uzbekistan	CDMA2000 1xRTT	450 MHz	?	^[75] FWB^{[D 1]} FWT^{[E 1]}

Reliance Communications, TATA DOCOMO and MTS India are major wireless services providers on CDMA2000 EV-DO in India. Govt-owned BSNL is also offering EVDO services, though voice services comes with CDMA2000-1X only. Another Govt-owned company MTNL also offer 1X based mobile & data services in Delhi and Mumbai. Another operator HFCL operates under Ping Mobile, offers only voice services in Punjab circle.

MTS India was the world's first mobile operator to deploy EVDO Rev B phase II network in Jaipur. EVDO Rev B Phase II network of MTS India is capable to offer up to 9.8 Mbit/s (2 x 4.9Mbit/s) downlink using two carriers of 1.25 MHz spectrum. Soon Tata Tele also rolled out EVDO Rev B phase I network to deliver 6.2 Mbit/s (2 x 3.1Mbit/s) of peak downlink using two carriers of 1.25 MHz spectrum. Both operators' EVDO Rev B services are limited to dongle based services and branded as MTS MBlaze Ultra and Tata Docomo Photon Max respectively.
In India GSM is predominant over CDMA, and CDMA technology is not getting much importance from the operators. Reliance, Tata/Virgin, HFCL, BSNL and MTNL have their GSM business too. MTS India is the only operator in India with pure-play CDMA business.

Europe

Operator	Country	Technology	Frequency (MHz)	Launch date	Notes
O₂	Czech Republic	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	450	May 2007 / August 2004	^[76]^[77]^[78] Formerly Eurotel.
U:fon	Czech Republic	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	450	May 2007	^[79]^[80]
Net 1	Denmark	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A/B	450	January 2008	^[81]^[82]^[83] Former operator NMT filed for bankruptcy. Migrating from CDMA to LTE in 2015.
Eesti Energia	Estonia	CDMA2000 1xRTT	450	July 2007	Subsidiary of Televõrgu AS by name Kõu, covering all of country territory. Since 2012 is owned by Tele2.
Ukko Mobile	Finland	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. B	450	2012	^[84] Migrating from CDMA to LTE in autumm 2014.
NetCologne	Germany	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rel. 0	450	October 2009	^[85] Available in the Cologne city area. Only data services.
Triatel	Latvia	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. B2	450	2004	^[86]^[87] Provides mobile and fixed telephony and data services.
Interdnestrcom	Moldova	CDMA2000 1xRTT	450 / 800	?
Unité	Moldova	CDMA2000 1xRTT	450	March 2007	^[88]
Ice.net	Norway	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A/B	450	?	^[81]^[82]^[83]^[89] Former operator NMT filed for bankruptcy. Migrating from CDMA to LTE in 2015.
Orange	Poland	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	450	?	Provides mobile data services. Formerly Telekomunikacja Polska.
Plus	Poland	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO	450	?
Romtelecom	Romania	CDMA2000 1xRTT	420	?
BaikalWestCom	Russia	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO	450	April 2006	Subsidiary of Rostelecom. Provides services in Irkutsk Oblast.
ETK	Russia	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO	?	?	Subsidiary of Rostelecom. Provides services in Krasnoyarsk Krai.
Sky Link	Russia	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. B	450	December 2002	^[90]^[91]^[92]^[93] Subsidiary of Rostelecom.
Skynet	Russia	CDMA2000 1xRTT	450	?
Sotel-CCB	Russia	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO	?	?	^[94] About to be acquired by T2 RTK Holding. (Rostelecom and Tele2)
Volga Telecom	Russia	CDMA2000 1xRTT	450	?
Orion Telekom	Serbia	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO	450	2009	^[95]^[96] FWB^{[D 1]} FWT^{[E 1]}
Net 1	Sweden	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV	450	?	^[81]^[82]^[83] Former operator NMT filed for bankruptcy. Migrating from CDMA to LTE in 2015.
Intertelecom	Ukraine	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. B	850	?	^[97]
MTS	Ukraine	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. B	450	October 2007 ?	^[98] Formerly UMC. The network is only used for data services, and not for telephony.
PEOPLEnet	Ukraine	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800	?	^[97]^[99]^[100] License valid through 2016.

Middle East

Operator	Country	Technology	Frequency (MHz)	Launch date	Notes
Pelephone	Israel	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rel. 0	800	September 2002	^[101]^[102]
Yemen Mobile	Yemen	CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A	800	March 2003

In early 2009 Pelephone launched its new UMTS network, and stopped selling devices that use the CDMA system,
although it is expected to continue supporting its CDMA/EV-DO network for the foreseeable future.